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Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas
This case ruled that segregation of the students based by race was unconstitutional and that the children were being deprived of equal education. This is later used to end the segregation of children with disabilities. -
Elementary and Secondary Education Act
This legislation enabled children who were underprivileged to have access to quality education which later led to the amended version that was made to include a grant program that reached out to states to help with funds for handicapped children. -
Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Children v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
In 1972, states now must guarantee free public education to all children with intellectual disabilities between the ages of 6-21 no matter the severity of their impairment or associative disability. -
Section 504
This section of the Rehabilitation Act protects the students with disabilities from being discriminated against -
Rehabilitation Act
This Act prohibited discrimination against those with disabilities in programs that received federal assistance. -
Lau v. Nichols
This was a milestone case in the field of bilingual education that required schools to offer special language programs if school were to confer equal educational opportunities to non English speaking students. -
Public Law 94-142
The Education for all Handicapped Children, now known as IDEA (Individuals with Disabilities Act) is where Congress opened up the schools to millions of students with disabilities and ensured that they got the education they were deserved to expand their abilities and specialties. -
Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Columbia
While P.A.R.C guaranteed free public education to all children with intellectual disabilities, Mills expanded the ruling to include students with behavioral, mental, hyperactive and emotional disabilities. -
Oberti v. Board of Education of the Borough of Clementon School District
This brought about the LRE (least restrictive enviroment) where students with disabilities are offered placement in a general education classroom with supplementary aids and services before considering a more separated placement. -
Public Law 99-457
Congress passed this law to demand that all pre-schoolers with special needs ,between the ages of 3-5 inclusive, are to be given free public education. -
Honig v. Doe
This Supreme Court case dealt with the issue of expelling a student with disabilities and in the end ruled that they cannot unilaterally expel a child from the classroom due to misbehavior or disruptive conduct coming from their disability. -
Americans with Disabilities Act
This civil rights legislation was put into play by President George W. Bush, it went along with Section 504 but was extended into later years such as the work force setting. It forbid discrimination against those with disabilities in both the public and private sectors. -
No Child Left Behind Act
The No Child Left Behind Act was made to ensure that all children have a fair and equal opportunity to the best education available. -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act
The IDEA has been amended many times since 1975, this is now known as IDEA 2004 where Congress is now holding special education teachers to a higher standard and expects them to be highly qualified in their areas of study. -
Winkelman v. Parma City School District
This court case ruling allowed the parents to represent their children in any IDEA-related court case. This also conveyed that IDEA enforceable rights were granted to the parents as well as their children.
