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1905 Revolution
Image shows workers and their families marching to the winter castle with signs supporting the tsar and singing songs in his honor. The crowd showed loyalty to the monarchy and was peacefully marching to request the tsar’s help with their financial struggles and where unjustly shot by the tsar’s guards around the palace. -
October Manifesto
Political cartoon depicts Count Witte forcing Nicholas II to sign the October Manifesto and give up some of his powers within the monarchy. Tsar looks upset and worried with the direction the Manifesto will take Russia while Count Witte looks determined to create this change quickly. -
Start of WWI in Russia
Image displays Russian trench warfare and the living conditions of Russian soldiers. New technology that began to enter WWI can be seen in the picture, such as barbed wire and long-range accurate guns. -
Tsar Nicholas II Takes control of Russian military and mobilizes troops
Photograph of Tsar Nicholas II in his formal military uniform to demonstrate his control over the Russian military. Various metals on his uniform are to show his military and status achievement, a symbol that is supposed to comfort and inspire his soldiers. -
brusilov offensive
photo of the russian general, Aleksei A. Brusilov, that commanded the brusilov offensive. his complex uniform is a symbol of his leadership that creates trust to complete the offensive well -
kornilov affair
the photo contains soldiers from the time of the affair. the expressions of the soldiers shows the harm this event, the provisional government seeming to be under threat from its own army, caused not only soldiers but society -
Assassination of Rasputin
Photograph of Rasputin taken shortly before his death shows him in a position of power and stoic contemplation. Gives Rasputin a powerful stare that reflects his influence over the Russian monarchy. -
International Women's Day march to Petrograd
Image from the Women’s Day March to Petrograd shows the thousands of women, workers, and other supports of the cause. The women march with signs demanding bread and an increase of their rations, along with other basic living needs. -
Tsar Nicholas II abdicates the throne
Picture shows a newspaper clipping from when the new of Tsar Nicholas II’s abdication was announced to Russia and the rest of the world. The headline explains the direction Russia was taking after Nicholas II “abandoned” the throne and the revolt of the tsarist army. -
Provisional Government Creation
Image shows one of the meetings of the Provisional Government and the members of the board that led it. The set up of the table shows that the person at the head of the table is assumed to hold the most power over the government. -
april theses published
photo is a copy of Pravda newspaper, where the april theses were first published. newspaper is untranslated but gives us the opportunity to see how the public first perceived the 10 directives -
Lenin returns to Russia
Photograph of Lenin’s return to Russia after his long exile from the country. The image shows the large crowd that happily greeted him with chants, songs, and music in his honor, calling for him to help Russia back towards political stability. -
first all russian congress of soviets meet
picture of the first all-russian congress of soviets meet, where the supremacy of the russian provisional government was confirmed. shows how seriously it was taken by the amount of people focusing on the speaker -
july days
the photo shows a real image of the july days demonstration. the amount of people with large signs shows the seriousness of the issue for the citizens and how strongly they wanted change from the provisional government. -
Trotsky organizes Red Guard to defend Petrograd
photo shows trotsky addressing the red guards. Trotsky's stance shows his goal to empower the guards and ensure success while defending petrograd -
Bolsheviks overthrow the Provisional Government and take control.
A visual of the Bolshevik party storming the Provision Government's adoption. -
Cheka formed
The Cheka symbol/pin. -
Constituent Assembly meets and is disbanded
This is a photo of the Constituent Assembly in action before disbandment. -
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
A map of the Brest-Litovsk treaty and the territorial loss of Russia due to it. -
Wartime Communism Created
Propaganda of Russia's wartime communism to justify its creation and enforcement. -
Red Terror
A picture of a rally during the Red Terror -
Kolchak begins serious attacks against Reds from Siberia.
Kolchak falling into the Red Army in Siberia -
Ukrainian Theater on the Soviet Stage
current photo of the Ukrainian Theater on the Soviet Stage. the buliding still being in such good condition shows how important it was
definition: august 1920, the largest state funded theater in soviet ukraine based in Kharkiv. Where a group of ukrainians performed Macbeth during war in a destroyed and dangerous city -
Poles Move Toward Kyiv
Image:
Polish soldiers marched the streets of Kiev (Kyiv), Ukraine in May 1920, off to fight the Red Soviets, showing their unity and their support with Ukraine against Russia.
Definition:
Polish armies fighting against the Red Soviets traveled through Western Ukraine in April 1920 and reached Kyiv on May 7, 1920. -
Soviets Attempt to Take Warsaw
Image:
Polish Soldiers proudly displaying captured Russian standards after the Battle of Warsaw.
Definition:
Under Direct order from Lenin, General Mikhail Tukhachevsky invaded Warsaw, Poland by July 1920; however, the Polish army had driven the Red Soviets out by August 1920 led by Marshal Joseph Piłsudski. -
Tambov Rebellion
Image:
Area in which the Tambov Rebellion took place. Large parts of the countryside were affected by the rebellion.
Definition:
Social Revolutionary peasants in the countryside rebelled from Aug 1920 to mid-1921 against the Bolsheviks because of the forced food requisitioning. The rebellion was crushed with harsh violence by the Red Army on orders from Lenin. -
Kronstadt Uprising
Image:
Pro-Kronstadt propaganda (image shows a popular piece) was used to encourage support for anti-Bolshevik movements
Definition:
On February 26, 1921 sailors stationed at Kronstadt started protesting against the Bolsheviks and the harsh conditions of the War Communism. Protests were violently suppressed by the Red Army. -
Ending of Wartime Communism
Image:
Lenin proposed the NEP at the Tenth Party Congress in March of 1921 (seen in photo), receiving general support from Leaders but general discontent from the Bolsheviks.
Definition:
Many issues from 1919-1921 contributed to the end of Wartime Communism including the heavy decline in industry. Wartime Communism ended in August 1921 when the New Economic Policy (NEP) was introduced by Lenin in March 1921. -
Treaty of Rapallo
Image:
Chancellor of Germany, Joseph Wirth, and Russian delegates Leonid Krasin, Georgi Chicherin, and Adolph Joffe at the Geneva Conference talked about the Treaty fo Rapallo (image), showing the communication and agreeance that went into the Treaty.
Definition:
On April 16 1922 the German Republic and Russian Soviet signed the treaty agreeing to diplomatic, economic, and territorial claims in Rapallo, Italy at the Geneva Conferences. -
Formation of the Soviet Union
Image:
Map of the Countries in Eurasia involved in the USSR (image), displaying the widespread communism, thanks to Lenin, in Europe after WWI.
Definition:
Led by Vladimir Lenin, the Soviet Union was created as a communist party on December 30, 1922. Also known as the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). -
Ukraine Brought Under Soviet Control
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Lenin's Death
Image:
Painted made after Lenin died of him still pushing communism forward, even on his deathbed showing the heavy extent of his influence, even after his death.
Definition:
Vladimir Lenin died at age 54 on January 21, 1924, of a brain hemorrhage after a series of strokes in May 1922 left him bedridden, mute, and disabled.