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Period: 1547 to
Centuries of Autocratic rule by czars
Ivan the Terrible founded the
Russian empire. -
Nicholas II becomes Czar of Russia
The last Czar, was coronated on Nov. 1 1894 -
Revolutionary movements begin and compete for power
The Marxist revolutionaries then split into two groups, the Mensheviks who wanted popular support of the revolution and the Bolsheviks who were willing to sacrafice everything for a change. Lenin, the leader of the Bolsheviks was every powerful and later fled to western Europe to escape arrest. -
Revolution of 1905—Bloody Sunday
200,000 workers and their families went to the czar's Winter Palace in St. Petersburg with a petition asking for better working conditions, more personal freedom, and an elected national legislature. Nicholas II then told his soilders to fire into the crowd killing several hundred people and wounding 1,000. -
Russia loses War with Japan
First all-out war of the modern era in which a non-European power defeated one of Europe's great powers. As a result, the Russian Empire and Tsar Nicholas II lost considerable prestige, along with two of their three naval fleets -
Russia enters World War I
Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia. Russia declared war in support of Serbia -
Russia is organized into several self-governing republics
Lenin organized Russia in to several self governing republics -
Dissatisfied workers organize strike
The catalyst for the February Revolution -
Provisional government is established
The Russian Provisional Government was established immediately following the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II of the Russia in 1917. The intention of the provisional government was the organization of elections to the Russian Constituent Assembly and its convention. The provisional government lasted approximately eight months, and ceased to exist when the Bolsheviks gained power. -
Nicholas II abdicated
Nicholas II abdicated due to the February Revolution -
Lenin returns to Russia
Lenin was returned by Germany to Russia to destablize it. He was in exile before that -
Period: to
Civil War between Red & White armies
The monarchists foguht back against the Bolsheviks. The monarchists were called the White army, and the Bolsheviks were called the Red. -
Bolshevik Revolution topples provisional government
The Bolsheviks staged a bloodless coup. -
Bolsheviks change name to Communist Party
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Treaty of Brest-Litovsk ends Russia’s involvement in WWI
In the treaty, Russia ceded hegemony over the Baltic states to Germany. Russia also ceded its province of Kars Oblast in the South Caucasus to the Ottoman Empire and recognized the independence of Ukraine. -
Lenin establishes New Economic Policy (NEP)
New Economic Policy was a mix of communism and some free market capitalism -
Stalin becomes a dictator
He became General Secretary of the Communist Party, and from here took control over the USSR -
Lenin’s first stroke
Upon returning to Petrograd (Saint Petersburg) in May 1922, Lenin suffered the first of three strokes, which left him unable to speak for weeks, and severely hampered motion in his right side. By June, he had substantially recovered; by August he resumed limited duties, delivering three long speeches in November.