-
Brown vs. Board of Education
This was the court case that ruled segregation in schools based off of race to be illegal. It deemed schools that were "separate but equal" to be illegal and therefore was the start to the end of segregation. It also affected special education because it ruled that everyone must be treated equally and if the state is providing education to anyone it must provide education to those with disabilities as well. -
Parc vs. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
This was a lawsuit involving students along with their parents filing against the state/school districts in Pensylvania. They claimed that there were state laws in place that were unconstitutional. These laws included denying public education to those with disabilities. The court ruled that all students ages 6-21 with disabilities must be placed into a proper, publically funded education program. -
Mills vs. Board of Education
This was a lawsuit filed by parents of students with disabilities. This court case ruled that all students have the right to a free public education. This includes students with disabilities. It also put into place that students could not be separated and labeled in the school without due process. This put the procedures into place that later became the framework for the due process clause of EAHCA. -
Section 504 of Rehabilitation Act
This section required that any company, program, school ect.. receiving federal funding of any kind must comply with policies put in place to accommodate those with disabilities. They must make modifications that make it possible for them to offer any service they offer to those without disabilities to those with disabilities. -
The Education for All Handicapped Children Act
This Act ruled that all students have the right to a free, proper, public education that is in the least restrictive environment possible. They also had the right to procedural due process and proper testing without discrimination. The main feature of this act was IEP's. IEP's lay out the students goals and how they will be measured and achieved throughout the school year. IEP's play a key role in special education students education. -
Education for All Handicapped Children Act (PL 99-457)
This amendment to the law (EAHC) mandated services for preschoolers ages 3-5. It also permitted early intervention services for children under the age of two that have disabilities. It also established the individualized family service plan and created the label of 'developmentally delayed.' -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (PL 101-476)
This was when the Education for All Handicapped Children Act changed to IDEA. This act made the requirement that students be placed into a individualized transition plan by age 16. It also established Autism and brain injury as a disability category. It ruled social work and rehabilitation counseling to be related services. -
Oberti vs. Board of Education of the Borough of Clementon
The court ruled that students must be included in the general education class with proper supplemental education and support. If students can not be placed in the general ed classroom they should be included in as many activities with students that do not have disabilities as possible. -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (PL 105-17)
This act changed the way students were evaluated and measured. They have state and district wide assessments that involve different testing strategies. Students with disabilities are to be involved in the general education program as much as possible and general education teachers are required to be part of the iep. Transition services now begin at age 14 and the phrase 'developmentally delayed' is used sparingly with children ages 3-9. -
Every Student Succeeds Act
This act gives more power to the states in the area of education. States have the freedom to set their own standards for general education. States also have the freedom to decide on testing that students will do however, there are rules about how much students test each year. Parents also have more say in accommodations and teaching because it is determined at a state level. However, federal laws in place still apply.
