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Annexing Texas and Dividing Oregon
President John Tyler took the election of Polk as a signal to push the annexation of Texas through Congress, -
Confilcts Over Texas, Maine, and Oregon
U.S. interest in pushing its border southward into Texas was the result of American pioneers migrating into thes lands during 1820-1830. -
foreign commerce
the growth in manufactured goods caused a significant growth of exports and imports.
shippind firm ecouraged trade and inproved designs of ships. -
Texas
After winning indpendence form Spain, Mexico, hoped to attract settlers. By 1830, american outnumbered the Mexicans in Texas by three to one. In 1829, Mexico outlawed slavert and required all immigrants to convert to Roman Catholicism. -
railroads
railroads emerged as america's lagest industry; it required immense amonts of capitol labor. -
fur traders fronteir
fur traders were the earliest nonnative group to open the far west, they held yearly rendezvous in the Rockies. -
Revolt and independence
in 1834, General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna made himself dictator of Mexico and abolishedthat nation's federal system of government.
An army under Sam Houston caught the Mexicans by surprise and captured theitr leader santa Anna.
Rejected the treat of Texas not being apart of Mexico. -
urban frontier
western cities arose as a result of railroads, mineral, weath, and farming. -
indusrtial tech.
factory production maily had been concentrated in the textile mills of new england -
Annexation denied
Houston applied to the U.S, government for his country to be annexed to the the U.S., as a new state.
President John Tyler worked to annex texas, but the U.S. Senate rejected his treaty of annexaton in 1844. -
The Election of 1844
Former president Martin Van Buren opposed immediate annexation. Challenging him for the Democratic nominationin 1844 was the proslavery, proannexation southerner, John C. Calhoun. -
War with Mexico
The U.S, annexation of Texas led quickly to diplomatic trouble with Mexico. Shortly after taking office in 1845, President Polk dispatched John Slidell as his special envoy to the government in Mexico City. -
Annexing Texas and Dividing Oregon
The treaty was submitted to the Senate for ratification. Northerners viewed treaty as a sellout to southern interests because it removed British Columbia as a source of potential free states. -
Boundary Dispute in Maine
Briain based claim on Oregon in the hudson fir company's profitable fur trade with the Native Americans of the Pacific Northwest. -
Immediate Causes of the War
Mexican army crossed the Rio Grande and captured an American army patrol, killing 11. -
Wilmot Proviso
u.s. entry into a war with Mexico provoked controversy from start to finish. -
Military Campaigns
Zachary Taylor's force of 6,000 men drove the Mexican army from Texas, croosed the Rio Grande into nothern Mexico, and won a major victory at Buena Vista. -
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo-Mexican Cession (1848)
1.Mexico would recognize the Rio Grande as the southern border Texas.
2. U.S. would take possession of the for mexican provinces of california and new mexico. -
mining frontier
the old rush to california was followed by gold or silver rushes in colorado,nevada, the black hills of dakota,and western parts. -
Prelude to civil war
many northerners viewed the war with mexico as part of a southern plot to extend slave power -
Clayton-Bulwer Treaty
great britain and the united states agreed to treat in 1850 and and signed a new treaty in 1901 which gave the u.s free to building. -
Ostend Manifesto
president polk offered to purchase cuba from spain for 1oo million, but spain refused to sell its empire -
walker expedetion
walker tpp over Nicaragua in 1855 and gained temporary recognition from the U.S in 1856 -
gadsden purchase
mexico agreed to sell thousands of acres of semidesert land to the U.S for 10 million -
settlement of the western territories
the migration of americans into these lands began in earnest;emmigrants passed over the vast dry region to to reach more inviting land -
panic of 1857
the midcenttury economic boom ended in 1857; drops in prices and increased unemployment. -
farming frontier
preemption acts gave squatters the right to settle public lands and purchase them for low prices -
overland trails
far more serious that attacks of indians wer experience od disease and and depression from harsh conditions trails.