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300
Comos and Damian
Cosmos and Damian
Allotransplantation in humans was first conceived in the middle ages. In this account, the leg of the sacristan Deacon Justinian was amputated to treat a cancerous lesion. The leg of a recently slain Ethiopian Moor gladiator was retrieved from the battlefield and transplanted to the amputation site.
Cosmos and Damian, twin Arab brothers who were converts to Christianity performed the operations. In addition to the famed transplant, these saintly brothers performed miraculous c -
First succeessful Bone Graft
First successful bone graft documented by Job VanMeeneren (from dog’s skull used to repair defect in human cranium) Location Holland -
Successful nose graft
Garengeot successfully regrafted a soldier’s nose. France -
First Human to Human Blood Transfusion
First Human-To-Human Blood Transfusion James Blundell, a British obstetrician transfuses four ounces of blood from a man to his wife, replacing the blood she just lost during childbirth--the first well-documented case of person-to-person blood transfusion. Ten other women suffering from similar blood loss receive transfusions, which help half of them. -
Mary Shelley Publishes Frankenstein
Mary Shelley Publishes Frankenstein Mary Shelley's Frankenstein describes a morally and physically superior creature constructed with parts from graveyards; this creature turns to violence only when his fictional creator rejects him. This is the first positive and negative depiction-in literature and "media"-of the use of organs and parts from dead people. Photo: Mary Shelley -
First Sucessful Human to Human Bone Transplant
First Successful Human-To-Human Bone Transplant First successful human-to-human bone transplant. This operation, which used bone from a cadaver, remained unusual because there was no way to process and preserve human tissues. -
First reported Cornea Transplant
1905 Edward Zirm, an Austrian ophthalmologist,
sight t to a workman blinded by lime with a corneal transplant. Location Austria -
First reported use of skin graft
Although surgeons have known about skin grafts for at least 2,000 years, a medical journal reports the first use of skin from a recently deceased person as a temporary graft. The patient is a man who was burned while leaning again a metal door when lightening struck. -
First attempts at bone marrow transplant
First Attempts At Bone Marrow Transplant First attempts to use bone marrow as treatment for leukemia; patients receive the marrow orally after meals, but it has no effect. In the next few years, intravenous injections of bone marrow to treat aplastic anemia have some success. -
1900 - 1902 Blood Groups A, B,O, AB Discovered
Blood Groups A, B, O, AB Discovered German scientist Dr. Karl Landsteiner classifies blood into three groups A, B and O, and his colleagues adds a fourth, AB. All people fall into one of these groups, and by 1907 doctors realize that blood transfusions must be between people from the same group. Landsteiner was awarded a Nobel Prize in 1930. -
First Successful Animal Kidney transplant
First successful experimental animal kidney
transplant (in neck of a dog) by Emerich Ullman
and Alexis Carrel. -
1902 - 1908 Carrek Develops Technique for connecting blood Vessels
Carrel Develops Technique for Connecting Blood Vessels French surgeon Dr. Alexis Carrel develops surgical techniques for sewing arteries and veins which are used in organ transplantation and other surgical procedures today. He developed his skills by studying with some of the finest embroiderers in France, learning to use the tiny needles and thread they employed. He also demonstrated techniques for preserving blood vessels and organs in cold storage and later developed a machine with aviator C -
First Human Kidney Transplant using xenograft
By Jaboulay -
1909 First recorded kidney transpalnt human to animal
First Recorded Kidney Transplant, Animal to Human A French surgeon inserts slices of rabbit kidney into a child suffering from kidney failure. The immediate results are good, but the child dies after two weeks. Four years later, a monkey kidney is transplanted into a young girl suffering from mercury poisoning; it produces a small amount of urine, but the girl lives for only five days. -
Heparin
Before this date there were no antigoagulants -
Alexsis Carrell Nobel Prize
in recognition of his work on vascular suture and the transplantation of blood vessels and organs” -
Researchers Create the First Artificial Kidney
Researchers Create the First Artificial Kidney Researchers in Great Britain create the first artificial kidney. To keep blood from clotting, it uses anticoagulant substances taken from leeches. This machine achieves dialysis - a word coined in 1861 - on animals, but it is never tried on humans. In 1925, German physician Georg Haas in Giessen dialyses a patient with acute renal failure for the first time. Although the therapeutic approach is correct, the patients die because the results achie -
Blood Transfusion beomes established
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Period: to
World War II
In world war 2, with many aircraft pilots severely burned ( especially around the face and neck) Peter Medawar a brilliant young immunologist and biologist worked with a plastic Dr Thomas Gibson, in Edinburgh. They were to attempt perfect skin grafting in man and, if possible, to examine the use of skin from other donors.
Dr Medawar soon observed that he could rely on one standard lb finding. If an initial skin graft was placed from animal A on Animal B, it had a survival of about 7 days. Then i -
Foundation of National Health Service
In United Kingdom -
First Successful Kidney transplant in world
During the early 1950’s several patients underwent renal transplantation in Paris and Boston; these all ultimately failed.
In 1954, a physician in Boston telephoned Dr. John Merrill suggesting that a patient dying of chronic glomerulonephritis be dialysed. Merrill was at first hesitant since the dialysis was then used largely for the treatment of acute tubular necrosis, especially in the post – obstetric or post – traumatic patients. The physician then indicated the patient had a twin. -
Peter Medawar Knighted
Peter Medawar. The zoologist who first showed that rejection could be beaten. He was knighted in 1960
Roy Calne: the surgeon who helped to find the first practical method of preventing rejection in patients. Shown here in 1960 with lollipop. One of his longest – surviving kidney transplant dogs -
Peter Brian Medawar Nobel Prize
)
for discovery of acquired immunological tolerance” -
Firat Successful Living donor transplant in UK
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First Lung Transplant
A Pioneer in Surgery
Headlines around the world told the astounding news of a surgical team in Mississippi which had transplanted a human lung into another human.
The the team was led by Dr. James D. Hardy, professor of surgery and chairman of the department at the University of Mississippi Medical Center.
But it was the following year when an event at the Medical Center really had the world's press in a frenzy. Dr. Hardy and his team transplanted the heart of a chimpanzee into a dying man. -
First Successful Liver transplant in World
BY Stazi -
First Successful pancreas transplant
By Richard Lillehei -
First successful Heart Transplant By Christian Bernard in Cape Town
Although Dr. Barnard’s patient did not survive for long , the perceived daring of the operation. The necessity of obtaining a heart from a person in whom death had been diagnosed on the basis of brain changes, combined with the universal sentiment that the heart is the seat of life, made the operation very spectacular for news media and the public throughout the world -
First Liver Transplant in UK
Sir Professor Roy Calne in Cambridge at Addenbrookes Hospital.
In 1968 Calne performed the first liver transplant in Europe; in 1987, the world's first liver, heart, and lung transplant; in 1992, the first intestinal transplant in the U.K.; and in 1994, the first successful combined stomach, intestine, pancreas, liver, and kidney cluster transplant. -
First UK Heart transplant
In London a cardiac team led by another Cape Town graduate, Donald Ross, was photographed for the newspapers having performed a copycat operation (with fatal outcome), bearing aloft a Union Jack and a poster saying "We're backing Britain." -
Dr Jean Dausset and Dr George Snell Nobel Prize
Nobel Prize for Work in Immunology The Nobel Prize in medicine goes to French hematologist and immunologist Dr.Jean Dausset; American Dr. George Snell, an expert in mammalian genetics, and American pathologist and immunologist Dr. Baruj Benacerraf for their work in deciphering the human immune system - and contributing to transplant immunology, a new multi-disciplinary science. -
First Long Term Artificail Heart
n 1982, a team led by William DeVries of the University of Utah implanted the Jarvik-7 artificial heart into a patient named Barney Clark. For various medical reasons, a transplant operation was not an option for Clark. Therefore, he was a prime candidate for a permanent artificial heart. He survived with the Jarvik-7 for 112 days. -
Launch of UK Cornea Transplant Service
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UK Liver Transplant Programme begins
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Frist successful lung transplant
Toronto Canada -
Magdi Yacoub First Heart transplant on newborn baby
In 1984 he was the first person to perform a heart transplant on a newborn baby, an operation which, even now, is still only infrequently attempted.
He also developed an technique for correcting a serious congenital heart defect in which two major blood vessels were connected to the heart the wrong way. -
Baby Fae Recieves a Baboon Heart Transplant
"Baby Fae"Receives Baboon Heart Transplant Surgeons at the Loma Linda University Medical Center in California transplant the heart from a seven-month old baboon into a baby girl know only as Baby Fae.She lives for twenty days, and dies of kidney failure. Her body had not rejected the heart. Photo: Baby Fae -
First lung only transplant UK
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First donmino heart transplant
1987 First “domino” transplant – a patient with diseased lungs but healthy heart receives a heart-lung transplant and donates his healthy heart to apatient needing a heart transplant.
Baltimore Maryland, USA
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FK506 or tacrolimus developed
New Transplant Drug Discovered Scientists develop FK506 or tacrolimus, a derivative of another soil fungus, found to be an immunosuppressive drug more potent than cyclosporine. Both drugs have a similar mechanism of action. The FDA approves tacrolimus know as Prograf in 1994. -
First Successful Living related liver transplant
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Joseph Murray Awaded Nobel Prize
JOSEPH EDWARD MURRAY (b. April 1, 1919, Milford, Mass., U.S.), American surgeon who in 1990 was co winner (with E. Donnall Thomas) of the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for his work in lifesaving organ- and tissue-transplant techniques. -
First successful living related lung lobe transplants
Stanford USA -
Joseph Murray and Donall Thomas Nobel Rize
“for their discoveries concerning Organ
and Cell Transplantation in the Treatment of Human Disease” -
First Pancreas Ielet Cell transplants for diabetic patients
First Pancreas Islet Cell Transplants for Diabetic Patients Transplants of islet cells - the insulin-producing portion of the pancreas - are successful. Such cell transplantation, which could help alleviate organ shortages, remains experimental. -
First Living Donor Liver Transplant in UK
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First living donor lung lobe transplant UK
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First successful spilt liver transplant from cadaveric donor
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Roy Calne Develops Cyclosporin
In 1977, Calne developed the immunosuppressive agent cyclosporine A and introduced it into clinical practice in 1978. This breakthrough is reflected in his highly cited papers--most notably, a 1984 report discussing cyclosporine in renal transplantation. (See R.M. Merion et al., "Cyclosporine: Five years experience in cadaveric renal transplantation," New Engl. J. Med., 310[3]:148-54, 1984. This paper has been cited nearly 300 times since its publication. -
First Successful Hand Transplant
First Successful Hand Transplant FranceA hand transplant was performed on New Zealeader, Clint Hallam, in Lyon, France on September 23, 1998. Surgeons in Britain later amputated the hand February 2, 2001 in a London hospital at the patient's request. He said it was like a dead mans hand with no felling in it. -
Agatha
Agatha rejected the sexual advances of a powerful Roman official named Quintian. Knowing that she was a Christian in a time of religious persecution, the vengeful Quintian had Agatha arrested. Refused again by the steadfast Agatha, he had her imprisoned in a brothel. Agatha's devotion never wavered so Quintian had her tortured including, as legend tells us, the severing of her breasts. St. Peter appeared to Agatha, when she was returned to her jail cell, and healed her, totally and miraculously, -
Double Hand Transplant
Lyon, France Double Hand TransplantJanuary 12, 2000 at Hospital Edouard in Lyon, France. The patient, Denis Chatelier, is a 33-year-old house painter and father of two, whose hands were blown off when a home-made model rocket exploded prematurely -
First Lung Transplant from non heartbeating donors
