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Oct 11, 1534
Population- Jacques Cartier's first voyage to America
Jacques Cartier did his first of three voyages to go find a route to Asia, bring back gold and other riches, claim land for the king of France but he ended up exploring and mapping the Gulf of St-Lawrence, reported what he thought was gold but lots of fish, timber, and furs. -
Oct 12, 1534
Power- Posession of Gaspé
In 1534, as soon as Jacques Cartier arrived on the Gaspé Peninsula, he planted a cross signifying that the territory was in posession of the King of France. -
Population- Foundation of Quebec
Champlain went to go establish a trading post near Stadacona (Quebec), a point where the river narrows to trade furs with the natives. The King granted a monopoly to the 100 Associates Company who were in charge of the furs. The trading post that Champlain established grew into a colony that would be called New France. -
Economy- Company of One Hundred Associates
The King granted to the 100 Associates Company the monopoly of the fur trade, however, they asked that in return, the company of 100 associates be responsible for settling the colony. At the time beaver pelts were the most popular fur. In the end The company did not succed in populating the new colony. -
Population- Fondation Ville-Marie
Because the fur trading post of Québec was a success, some explorers were going further up river to establish new settlements. For exampleIn 1642 Maisonneuve establishes Montreal. It’s deep inside Iroquois territory and established to try and convert natives. It’s called Ville-Marie but the Indians called it Hochelaga. -
Economy- Destruction of Huronia
The Hurons-Wndats traded fur with the French.The Five-Nations Iroquois established between the Huron and the French. The French found themselves at a crossroads in the fur trades with the Five-Nations when they founded Ville-Marie in 1642. The Five-Nations Iroquois started running out of fur and fought against the Hurons-Wendats . In 1649, they destroyed all the territory belonging to the Hurons-Wendats, forcing them to spread over the territory. -
Culture- Monseigneur Francois of Laval
Francois de Laval was sent to New France by the Pope to direct Canadia Church. He was the first bishop of the colony. In 1663, he founded the Grande Séminaire de Québec to train futur priests. -
Population- Engagés
The first intendant, Jean Talon, implemented various measures to ensure that the population increasedand became diversified. One way he wanted to to immigrate was by bringing in the engagés to New France. They were hired for a three year-period in New France. For several years they were given the oppurtunity to return in France with the title of master craftsmen. At the end of their contract, the engagés were encouraged to stay in New France and to practice agriculture on a seigneury. -
Power- The Royal Government
The Royal Government, establishes in 1663, was inspired by the provincial administrative system in France and was part of the French regimeès absolute monarchy. This gave rise to power struggles between the governor and intendant. -
Culture- Catechism of the Quebec Diocese
In order to set the dogma of the Catholic Church in writing, the clergy had a Catechism printed. This book expressed the teachings of the Catholic faith and practices. It was first printed in France and then in New France. Presented in form of questions and answers, this Catethism was designrd was designed for children and new converts. -
Power- The Royal Proclamation
When Great Britain acquired New France in 1763, it decreed the Royal Procclamation establishing a new politicla regime in the colony. the institutions it put in place were British and Protestant which worried the French Canadians and the Catholic clergy. The Province of Québec was directed by a British governor. -
Power- The Québec Act
In 1774, the Québec Act re-established French civil law permitting Catholics to hold public offices and the clergy to collect tithes. There were no representives institutions. -
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Power- the Quebec act
In 1774, the Québec Act re-established French civil law permitting Catholics to hold public offices and the clergy to collect tithes. There were no representives institutions. -
Population- English loyalists arrive in Canada
During the American Revolution, tens of thousands of Loyalists left the United States where they treated with hostility, to settle in a British territory. Two thousand chose Québec. Most were farmers and many of them cleared lands south ofthe St-Laurence River and subdivided these lands into townships, based on the British model. As a result, they established the Eastern Townships. -
Power- the Treaty of Versaille
The treaty of Versailles was signed to finalize the independence of the 13 colonies which are now called Inited States. The British no longer control this territory, so it was no longer a British colony. The American Revolution began in 1776 and ended with this treaty in 1783.
