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Gilded Age
this was a period of economic growth and industrialization that included factories and industries, railroads, and coal mining -
Telegraph
A man named Samuel Morse developed an invention called the telegraph that was used for long-distance communication and influenced industrialization. -
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Reconstruction Era
The Reconstruction Era followed after the Civil War. -
The Amendments
There were three amendments that were issued by Congress in order to help out African Americans. The 13th Amendment abolished slavery, the 14th granted citizenship to anyone born in the United States no matter the race, and the 15th Amendment gave Black men the right to vote. However, the 15th Amendment had restrictions because of poll taxes, the grandfather clause, and literacy understanding. -
Freedmen's Bureau
This provided emancipated slaves with services and resources to continue their lives on their own. It was able to grant an official wedding between newly emancipated African Americans and also reunite them with the family they got separated from during the time they were enslaved. It also provided them with food and shelter. -
Abraham Lincoln's Assasination
Abraham Lincoln believed strongly in Reconstruction because he believed slaves should have the same rights as everyone else. He issued the Emancipation Proclamation that freed enslaved people in all states and that triggered a lot of people, which led to his assassination. -
Unions
They came together to initiate change through collective bargaining for industries. They organized and supported workers and attempted to make their jobs better since they worked long hours with poor wages and working conditions. -
Black Codes/ Jim Crow Laws
They were laws that were imposed in order to limit the rights of African-American workers. They were used by limiting them to certain occupations and prohibiting them from owning any land. If they were job less, they got arrested and mistreated as a prison laborer. Jim Crow legalized segregation and discriminated against African Americans. -
Compromise of 1877
this compromise granted Rutherford B. Hayes an official presidency in exchange for the end of Reconstruction in the South. -
Electricity/ Lightbulb
A man named Thomas Edison invented the lightbulb which was a major contribution to electricity because it created the possibility of an industrialized, modern world. -
Taylorism
It was created to improve economic efficiency and labor productivity, also known as The Principles of Scientific Management. It was issued by Fred. W Taylor and enforced workers to perform tasks in a specific way at a given time. -
Queen Liliuokalani
She was the queen of the Hawaiin islands and the last to rule until the kingdom got overthrown by the United States when they were in the process of annexation. She was the only queen regnant of Hawaii. -
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Imperialism
This was a period in time when countries wanted to extend their power and gain control of land and resources -
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The Progressive Era
this was a period of social activism and political reforms across the nation to spread awareness and gain rights for those who were treated poorly -
Spanish-American War
This war happened because of an internal explosion of the USS Maine in Havana Harbor in Cuba. It ended Spain's colonial empire and named the U.S. as a Pacific power. -
Annexation of Hawaii
The U.S annexed Hawaii because they wanted to expand their military forces and believed that it would be a solution for economic growth. A lot of Hawaiins were upset with this and it resulted in them losing their homeland and homes in general. -
Carlisle Indian School
the purpose of this school was to change the mannerisms, habits, and culture of Indigenous kids in order for them to become civilians. They changed their names, cut their hair, eat new foods, and couldn't speak their language. -
Meat Inspection Act
it was made to ensure the health and safety of others by making sure that the meat was processed and slaughtered in the correct manner for consumers -
Bread and Roses Strike
This strike was produced by immigrant workers who found their work hours and wages unfair and demanded an increase in their wages. Lots of women and children were killed but they were successful and able to achieve a 15% pay increase because they worked together. -
Women in the War
Some women were able to formally serve in the armed forces. They also worked as mechanics, cooks, or doctors. Eight million women volunteered as American Red Cross workers. -
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World War I
This war involved many countries, including the U.S., and started because of the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary. It was characterized by trench warfare, new weapons like machine guns and poison gas, and devastating casualties. -
The Great Migration
The Great Migration happened in two waves, such as before World War I and then World War II. -
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The Great Migration
The Great Migration was the movement of African Americans from the rural South to the urban North in the United States. This mass migration was driven by factors such as economic opportunities, escape from segregation and racial violence, and the search for a better life. -
African Americans in the War
African American men joined the army to prove their loyalty and get recognized. In general, they raised over 250 million dollars in war bonds. Over 350,000 of them served in segregated units. African American women contributed to the war by taking up jobs in vital industries. -
Influenza Pandemic
In 1918, this pandemic killed about 50 million people and afflicted over 25 percent of the U.S population. Because of this pandemic, the average life expectancy in the U.S. dropped by 12 people. -
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The Harlem Renaissance
The Harlem Renaissance was a vibrant cultural, social, and artistic movement. It was a time of immense creativity and expression for African American writers, artists, and musicians. -
19th Amendment
All citizens gained the right to vote without discrimination of sex. In other words, white woman now had the opportunity in doing so. -
Florence Mills
She was an African American singer and dancer who changed lives for people of all races because of her music and Broadway shows. She had a beautiful bird-like voice that attracted her audience. She was the first person ever to feature a jazz song on Broadway. -
Code Talkers
The Native Code Talkers of World War I used their languages to aid the war effort at a time when there was also a push to strip away Native cultural identities and languages. -
The Stock Market Crash of 1929
it caused many hardships and led to widespread unemployment, poverty, and financial struggles for many. -
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The Great Depression
a period of severe economic downturn in the 1930's that was rough for a lot of people and families. -
The Dust Bowl
A period of severe dust storms and drought in the 1930s. It caused crop failures, forced migration, and economic hardship[ for many families. -
Mexican Repatriation
It was a controversial policy that forced many Mexicans to leave the U.S. They faced many challenges and obstacles, as well as experienced discrimination and racism. -
Bombing of Pearl Harbor
This was a surprise military attack by the Japanese on the U.S naval base in Hawaii on December 7, 1941. It caused extensive damage to the American fleet and resulted in the loss of many lives. -
Rosie the Riveter
She was an iconic symbol during this era because she represented the women who worked in factories and took on jobs traditionally held by men. -
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World War II
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Manhattan Project
This was a top-secret project during this era. It's goal was to develop the atomic bomb and resulted in the successful creation of the first atomic bombs. -
Japanese Internment
The U.S. government deemed Japanese Americans as potential security threats and forcibly relocated them to internment camps. This unjust action affected the lives of thousands of innocent people, causing immense hardship and violating their civil rights.