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Period: to
Divided French Society and Financial Trouble
Who: 1st Estate - Clergy, 2nd Estate: Nobles and King, 3rd Estate: Everyone else
What: 1st and 2nd Estate tax the 3rd Estate to pay off interest loans from previous wars and luxuries
Where: France
Why: 1st and 2nd Estate needed a way to pay off their debts and they didn't want to be taxed themselves.
How: War debts continued to add up and France was unable to pay them off by just taxing the 3rd Estate -
Period: to
Louis XVI Calls the Estate General
Who: All of the Estates
What: Louis XVI calls for the Estates-General to meet for the first time since 1614.
Where: Versailles, France
Why: The King's financial advisor, Necker, tells him to call a meeting to try and solve some of the financial problems. Necker wanted to tax the 1st and 2nd estates, but they were against it. The 3rd estate continued to be taxed and although they have the largest population, they have the smallest voice
How:The King sent messengers to inform the representatives. -
Third Estate Breaks Away from Estates General
Who: The Third Estate
What: Break away from Estates-General Meeting and form National Assembly of France.
Where: Versailles, France
Why: The 3rd Estate has the greatest population and had the smallest voice in the Estates General Meeting. They were tired of being treated unfairly and being taxed. The National Assembly was a more fair government.
How: Tennis Court Oath -
Storming of the Bastille
Who: More than 800 parisians
What: The prison fortress of Paris, the Bastille, was invaded
Why: The citizens needed gunpowder to overtake the capitol.
How: Angry rebels mobbed the prison with weapons they found and killed the guards -
Period: to
Moderate Phase of the Revolution
Who: French Revolutionists
What: National Assebly, Rights of Man, Church, Constitution
Where: France
Why: People are annoyed with the unfair monarchy and want things to change in France
How: Enlightenment ideas are spreading and people are inspired -
National Assembly Changes Government
Who: Nobles in Second Estate
What: Voted to end their own priveledges and formed a new Constitution
Where: France
Why: Wanted to fix the financial problems and have a fair government where everyone was equal.
How: By taxing the rich in the 1st and 2nd estates, France could pay off their debts easier and faster. Natural Rights of Man basis of new constitution -
Women's March on Versailles
Who: Over 6,000 french women
What:Marched 13 miles to King's Castle to raid castle and retrieve royal family
Where:Paris to Versailles
Why: Citizens were angry Marie-Antoinette had a pleasureable life and was against new refroms and wanted a faster way to communicate with the king.
How: Women refused to leave until they agreed to return to Paris as they marched on cannons back to the city. -
Period: to
Threats from Abroad
Who: Great Britain and Austria
What:Threaten France and declare war on the "French Plague"
Where: Europe
Why: After the royal family's failed escape from France, Austria feared for the queen's life. Great Britain does not want a revolution to start in their country or get any ideas.
How: Declare war on France to suppress them -
Royal Family Captured After Failed Escape
Who: Louis XVI and his family
What: Tried to flee France but captured and taken back to Paris
Where: France to Austrian border
Why: The king beleived it was unsafe for his family to stay because of escalating violence and revolt in France. Thought they could escape to Austria and side with them.
How: Stole an unmarked carriage and disguised themselves but caught by an innkeeper who recognized them. -
Period: to
Civil War (Radicals Take Over)
Who: Legislative Assembly (Radicals)
What: Fight for Power
Where:France
Why: San Coulettes and Jacobins wanted a republic and National Assembly declares war on tyranny.
How: Radicals start to gain upper hand in Legislative Assebly and want war. -
Guillotine Makes its Debut in Reign of Terror
Who: Nicolas Pelletie\
What: First of many to be convicted and killed during Riegn of Terror
Where: France
Why: Convicted felon who was sentenced to death. Accused of being against the revoltution.
How: The guillotine -
Period: to
Monarchy is Abolished
Who:French Revolutionists
What: Radicals took control of the National Assembly and voted to abolish the monarchy
Where: France
Why: Wanted to establish a republic
How: Executed the Royal Family -
King Louis XVI is Executed
Who: King Louis XVI
What: Executed by the people
Where: France
Why: The monarchy was abolished and thought of as a traitor
How: The guillotine -
Robespierre is Executed
Who: Maximilien Robespierre
What: Robespierre's collegues overthrow him and have him executed
Where: France
Why: Robespierre created a new list of names of people to be executed and his collegues feared they were on it, so they had him executed before he could kill anyone else
How: Guillotine -
Period: to
Robespierre and the Reign of Terror
Who: Maximilien Robespierre
What: Accusations of people against the new reforms (witch hunt)
Where: France
Why: Belived fear was needed to silence those who resisted the revolution and were against the revolution. Thought it was best for France
How: The guillotine -
Period: to
Third Stage of the Revolution
Who: Revolutionists (Napoleon Bonaparte)
What: Created a new constitution and new legislative system
Where: France
Why: People believed it was time to stop executing people and to make a better government to rebuild the country
How: Created a smaller government -
Napoleon Rises to Power
Who: Napoleon Bonaparte
What: Promoted to general of army of the west for France and begins to conquer other European countries
Where: Europe
Why: As France gains more land because of Napoleon, he becomes cocky and names himself emperor and France returns to a monarchy under his rule
How: Napoleon was a great public speaker and people followed him graciously. He let the people believe they had a voice and made them happy -
Nationalism In France
Who: French Citizens
What: Strong feeling of Nationalism for France, high during wars
Where: France
Why: As France was at war with many other countries, people felt a strong sense of nationalism to defend to their country
How: Generals promoted their urge to defend their country and encouraged it -
Period: to
Spread of Nationalism
Who: All of the people of France
What: The strong feeling of pride for your country (nationalism) spread across France
Where: France
Why: Government wanted everyone to feel confident in their country after they conquered many other countries, even though they lost it. Wanted the people to know France was going to get better
How: The end of revolution and wars caused nationalism to spread
