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World War I, the Treaty of Versallies, and the Great Depression
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Nationalism
Nationalism is an extreme form of patriotism and loyalty to one's country. One example of this is when Germany decided to continue with their unrestricted submarine warfare because they were only caring about how they would come out of the situation. Another example is when America decided to join World War I because they felt like they had to protect themselves from the other countries.Also, when people would help fight the war because that showed their patriotism and loyalty for their country. -
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdidnand of Austria and His Wife
Many people would say that the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdidnand of Austria and his wife Sophie was what sparked World War I. He traveled to Sarajevo to inspect armed forces in Bosnia. He and his wife were traveling when Serbian nationalist Nedjelko Cabrinovic threw a bomb in their car, which wonunded an officer and some bystanders. Later on, they went to visit the officer when Gavrilo Princip shot them at point-blank range. This assassination led to many events which then led to WWI. -
Germany's Blank Check to Austria
After the assassination of Archduke Franiz Ferdidnand of Austria and his wife Sophie, Austria-Hungary wanted to blame Seriba for it. They wanted to take action, but they knew that Serbia had Russia as an ally. Since they didn't want to go into war by themselves, they asked for Germany's support just in case they did go to war with Serbia. Alexander Hoyos had lunch with Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany and Wilhelm told Hoyos that Germany would "faithfully support" them in whatever decide to do. -
Alliances
Before Austria-Hungary declared war against they had to get some allies like Germany because Serbia would have Russia on their side. The two main alliances were the Triple Entente and the Triple Alliance. The Triple Entrete was Britan, France, and Russia and the Triple Alliance was Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy. That basically meant that Austria would have Germany and Italy to help them in wars. -
World War I Begins
World War I began in Europe and went around in France and Belgium. The war started because a Seberian nationalist assassinated the Archduke of Austria-Hungary and his wife. Austria-Hungary got Germany to come to their side if they did declare war on Serbia. Serbia wouldn't cooperate with Austria-Hungary on investigating the assassination so they declard war on Serbia. This later brought Russia, France, Belgium, Great Britan, and the Ottoman Empire in on the war. -
Imperialism
Imperialism is a system where a powerful nation controls and exploits one or more colonies. An example of imperialism is when the United States demanded German to stop their attacks on unarmed merchant ships. Another good example is the British Empire because they took in places like India, Hong Kong, South Africa, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, etc. -
Militarism
Militarism is a philosophy or system the places great importance on military power. Militarism is connected to imperialism and nationalism because military power was considered a way to measure national and imperial strength. If you had a strong military presence for your country then other countries viewed you as having strong nationalism and imperialism. One example of this is when they started drafting men for the war because they wanted more men to make their military presence stronger. -
Sinking of the Lusitania
The Lusitania was a very fast liner that had 1,924 passengers and some hidden cargo on it. The hidden cargo was stuff that would help the British war efforts and it was stuff like ammunition magazines and gun mounts on the ship's deck. The German submarine U 20 fired a torpedo into the side of the Lusitania because of the hidden cargo on the liner. One thousand one hundred and nineteen passengers died and one hundred and fourteen of those passangers were American. American's were outraged. -
German's Resumption of Unrestricted Submarine Warfare
After the sinking of the Lusitania, the United States and other netural countries pressured Germany to suspended their policy on unrestricted submarine warfare. They first suspended it when President Woodrow Wilson sent a strongly worded note to the German government advising them to end thier attacks on unarmed merchant ships. They decided to continue their unrestricted submarine warfares because they realized that it was an essential component to Germany's war strategy. -
Zimmermann Telegraph
The Zimmermann Telegraph was when Germany sent a telegraph to Mexico trying to get them to come on their side if they got into a war with the United States.They tried to convince them to join them was that they promised to restore their lost territories of Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona. President Woodrow Wilson learned about the telegraph and U.S. ships start to get armed in case Germany attacked them. Some people thought that the telegraph was fake but it was later confirmed to be real. -
U.S. Entry Into War and It's Impact
The U.S. entered WWI because of German breaking their pledge to suspending unrestricted submarine warfare and the Zimmermann Telegraph. The U.S. declared war on Germany's ally Austria-Hungary. America's impact on the war was very powerful because it helped America come out looking like a powerful country instead of just being a bystander in the war. So, it made them more involved in world affairs instead of just being another country. -
Treaty of Versailles
The Treaty of Versailles was a peace treaty to end the war (one of the treaties).It said in the treaty that Germany had to take responsibility of Gemany and her allies for starting the war and they had to reparations to certain countries that had formed the Entente powers. The whole cost was equivalent to US $442 billion. The Germans were dumbfounded because they expected to win the war, not to lose it. It was hard for them to accept the defeat. -
Effects of WWI
The casualties for the United States was 320,710. Some of the countried that were created were Turkey, Finland, Iraq, Iran, Hungary, Austria, Poland, Ireland, and Syria. A lot of people started wondering why the war was even fought. The war really left a lasting effect on people, whether it was the people who fought in it or the loved ones of the the deceased. Some people even started to feel distrust toward political figures. -
The Daws Plan
The Daws Plan was formulated to take Weimar Germany out of hyperinflation and return to Weimar's economy to form some stability. The Daws Committee was made up of five nations (USA, UK, Italy, Belgium, and France) and it was created to help Germany's economy so they could pay their reparations for the Treaty of Verisalles. They did things like loans, restructuring the national bank, giving Germans full control of the Ruhr, and making the payments more "German friendly". -
The Great Depression
The Great Depression started on a day that is now known as "Black Friday", which was when the crash of the New York Stock Exchange happened. Republican administations of President Warren G. Harding followed a laissez-faire approach so there was absence of government regulation. Another reason fot the Great Depression was that money was not evenly distributed. Also, investors' speculation contributed because they were buying stocks with the assumption that they can always be sold at a profit. -
The Young Plan
The Young Plan was an attempt by former wartime allies to the government of Weimar Germany. After the Daws Plan, everything seemed to be getting better for Germany's economy but after the Wall Street Crash of October 1929, their position became untenable. The plan lowered the amount that Germany had to pay for the Treaty of Verisalles dramtically. The plan also required to repay per year and they had to pay a third of the sum ($8 million) which was about $157 million. -
Rise of Hitler
Adolf Hitler first tried to over throw the German government in 1923 and when he was unsuccessful, he was sent to prison for nin months. He was then elected as Chancellor because Germans thought he could help them out of their great depression. Germany was in a great depression because America couldn't give them loans and Germnany had to pay for the cost of WWI. Hitler thought he could help get Germany out of their Great Depression because he thought he would make the government stronger.
